What is Management? Definitions
According to Harold Koontz,
"Management is the fine art of getting things done through together with amongst people inwards formally organised groups."
Harold Koontz gave this definition of management inwards his mass "The Management Theory Jungle".
According to Henri Fayol,
"To grapple is to forecast together with to plan, to organise, to command, to co-ordinate together with to control."
Henri Fayol gave this definition of management inwards his mass "Industrial together with General Administration".
Image Credits © Michael Heiss.
According to Peter Drucker,
"Management is a multi-purpose organ that manages line of piece of work organisation together with manages managers together with manages workers together with work."
This definition of management was given yesteryear Peter Drucker inwards his mass "The Principles of Management".
According to Mary Parker Follet,
"Management is the fine art of getting things done through people."
Meaning of Management
According to Theo Heimann, management has 3 dissimilar meanings, viz.,
- Management equally a Noun : refers to a Group of Managers.
- Management equally a Process : refers to the Functions of Management i.e. Planning, Organising, Directing, Controlling, etc.
- Management equally a Discipline : refers to the Subject of Management.
Management is an private or a grouping of individuals that choose responsibilities to run an organisation. They Plan, Organise, Direct together with Control all the essential activities of the organisation. Management does non exercise the piece of work themselves. They motivate others to exercise the piece of work together with co-ordinate (i.e. convey together) all the piece of work for achieving the objectives of the organisation.
Management brings together all Six Ms i.e. Men together with Women, Money, Machines, Materials, Methods together with Markets. They work these resources for achieving the objectives of the arrangement such equally high sales, maximum profits, business expansion, etc.
Features of Management
Following icon depicts 14 of import features of management.
The nature, master copy characteristics or features of management:
- Continuous together with never ending process.
- Getting things done through people.
- Result oriented scientific discipline together with art.
- Multidisciplinary inwards nature.
- A grouping together with non an private activity.
- Follows established principles or rules.
- Aided only non replaced yesteryear computers.
- Situational inwards nature.
- Need non live an ownership.
- Both an fine art together with science.
- Management is all pervasive.
- Management is intangible.
- Uses a professional person approach inwards work.
- Dynamic inwards nature.
Now let's briefly hash out each characteristic of management.
1. Continuous together with never ending process
Management is a Process. It includes 4 master copy functions, viz., Planning, Organising, Directing together with Controlling. The director has to Plan together with Organise all the activities. He had to make proper Directions to his subordinates. He too has to Control all the activities. The director has to perform these functions continuously. Therefore, management is a continuous together with never ending process.
2. Getting things done through people
The managers exercise non exercise the piece of work themselves. They larn the piece of work done through the workers. The workers should non live treated similar slaves. They should non live tricked, threatened or forced to exercise the work. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 favourable piece of work environs should live created together with maintained.
3. Result oriented scientific discipline together with art
Management is outcome oriented because it gives a lot of importance to "Results". Examples of Results like, increase inwards marketplace share, increase inwards profits, etc. Management ever wants to larn the best results at all times.
4. Multidisciplinary inwards nature
Management has to larn the piece of work done through people. It has to grapple people. This is a real hard labor because dissimilar people direct hold dissimilar emotions, feelings, aspirations, etc. Similarly, the same someone may direct hold dissimilar emotions at dissimilar times. So, management is a real complex job. Therefore, management uses cognition from many dissimilar subjects such equally Economics, Information Technology, Psychology, Sociology, etc. Therefore, it is multidisciplinary inwards nature.
5. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 grouping together with non an private activity
Management is non an private activity. It is a grouping activity. It uses grouping (employees) efforts to accomplish grouping (owners) objectives. It tries to satisfy the needs together with wants of a grouping (consumers). Nowadays, importance is given to the squad (group) together with non to individuals.
6. Follows established principles or rules
Management follows established principles, such equally partitioning of work, discipline, unity of command, etc. These principles assist to forbid together with solve the problems inwards the organisation.
7. Aided only non replaced yesteryear computers
Now-a-days, all managers work computers. Computers assist the managers to choose accurate decisions. However, computers tin make the axe solely assist management. Computers cannot supersede management. This is because management takes the terminal responsibility. Thus Management is aided (helped) only non replaced yesteryear computers.
8. Situational inwards nature
Management makes plans, policies together with decisions according to the situation. It changes its mode according to the situation. It uses dissimilar plans, policies, decisions together with styles for dissimilar situations.
The director showtime studies the total introduce situation. Then he draws conclusions close the situation. Then he makes plans, decisions, etc., which are best for the introduce situation. This is called Situational Management.
9. Need non live an ownership
In pocket-size organisations, management together with ownership are ane together with the same. However, inwards large organisations, management is carve upwards from ownership. The managers are highly qualified professionals who are hired from outside. The owners are the shareholders of the company.
10. Both an fine art together with science
Management is result-oriented. Therefore, it is an Art. Management conducts continuous research. Thus, it is too a Science.
11. Management is all pervasive
Management is necessary for running a business. It is too essential for running business, educational, charitable together with religious institutions. Management is a must for all activities, together with therefore, it is all pervasive.
12. Management is intangible
Management is intangible, i.e. it cannot live seen together with touched, only it tin make the axe live felt together with realised yesteryear its results. The success or failure of management tin make the axe live judged solely yesteryear its results. If at that topographic point is proficient discipline, proficient productivity, proficient profits, etc., so the management is successful together with vice-versa.
13. Uses a professional person approach inwards work
Managers work a professional person approach for getting the piece of work done from their subordinates. They delegate (i.e. give) potency to their subordinates. They inquire their subordinates to make suggestions for improving their work. They too encourage subordinates to choose the initiative. Initiative agency to exercise the correct matter at the correct fourth dimension without beingness guided or helped yesteryear the superior.
14. Dynamic inwards nature
Management is dynamic inwards nature. That is, management is creative together with innovative. An arrangement volition move together with succeed solely if it is dynamic. It must continuously convey inwards novel together with creative ideas, novel products, novel production features, novel ads, novel marketing techniques, etc.
