Fayol's xiv Principles of Management
Henri Fayol, a French industrialist, is straight off recognised equally the Father of Modern Management. In yr 1916 Fayol wrote a mass entitled "Industrial as well as General Administration". In this book, he gave the 14 Principles of Management. These xiv principles of administration are universally accepted as well as used fifty-fifty today. According to Henri Fayol, all managers must follow these xiv principles.
Henri Fayol's xiv Principles of Management are briefly explained below.
1. Division of Work
The total piece of occupation of the scheme should live divided with individuals as well as departments. This is because a division of work leads to specialisation, as well as specialisation increases efficiency, as well as efficiency improves the productivity as well as profitability of the organisation.
2. Discipline
Discipline way a abide by for the rules as well as regulation of the organisation. Discipline may live Self-discipline, or it may live Enforced discipline. Self-discipline is the best discipline. However, if in that location is no self-discipline, as well as then dependent area should live enforced through penalties, fines, etc. No scheme tin last without discipline.
3. Authority as well as responsibility
According to Henri Fayol, in that location should live a remainder betwixt Authority (Power) as well as Responsibility (Duties). Authority must live equal to Responsibility. If the authorization is to a greater extent than than responsibleness as well as then chances are that a managing director may misuse it. If responsibleness is to a greater extent than than authorization as well as then he may experience frustrated.
4. Subordination of Individual Interest to General Interest
In an organisation, in that location are 2 types of interest, viz., the private involvement of the employees, as well as the full general involvement of the organisation. The private involvement should live given less importance, acre the full general involvement should live given most importance. If not, the scheme volition collapse.
5. Remuneration
Remuneration is the cost for services received. If an scheme wants efficient employees as well as best performance, as well as then it should take away keep a expert remuneration policy. This policy should give maximum satisfaction to both employer as well as employees. It should include both fiscal as well as non-financial incentives.
6. Centralisation
In centralisation, the authorization is concentrated exclusively inwards few hands. However, inwards decentralisation, the authorization is distributed to all the levels of management. No scheme tin live completely centralised or decentralised. If in that location is consummate centralisation, as well as then the subordinates volition take away keep no authorization (power) to behave out their responsibleness (duties). Similarly, if in that location is consummate decentralisation, as well as then the superior volition take away keep no authorization to command the organisation. Therefore, in that location should live a remainder betwixt centralisation as well as decentralisation.
7. Order
There should live an Order for Things as well as People inwards the organisation. Order for things is called Material Order. Order for people is called Social Order. Material Order refers to "a house for everything as well as everything inwards its place." Social Order refers to the pick of the "right human being inwards the correct place". There must live orderly placement of the resources such equally Men as well as Women, Money, Materials, etc. Misplacement volition atomic number 82 to misuse as well as disorder.
8. Equity
The managers should piece of occupation the equity acre dealing with the employees. Equity is a combination of kindness as well as justice. Equity creates loyalty as well as devotion inwards the employees.
9. Initiative
Management should encourage initiative. That is, they should encourage the employees to brand their ain plans as well as to execute these plans. This is because an initiatory gives satisfaction to the employees as well as brings success to the organisation.
10. Esprit De Corps
Esprit de Corps way "Team Spirit". Therefore, the administration should practice unity, co-operation as well as team-spirit with the employees. They should avoid the separate as well as dominion policy.
11. Stability of Tenure
An employee needs fourth dimension to larn his chore as well as to acquire efficient. Therefore, he should live given fourth dimension to acquire efficient. When he becomes efficient, he should live made permanent. In other words, the employees should take away keep chore security.
12. Unity of Direction
All activities which take away keep the same objective must live directed past times 1 manager, as well as he must piece of occupation 1 plan. This is called Unity of Direction. For example, all marketing activities such equally advertising, sales promotion, pricing policy, etc., must live directed past times exclusively 1 manager. He must piece of occupation exclusively 1 innovation for all the marketing activities.
13. Scalar Chain
Scalar Chain is a trouble of authority. This trouble joins all the members (managers as well as employees) from hap to bottom. Every fellow member must know who is his superior. He must equally good know who is his subordinate. Scalar Chain is necessary for expert communication. Scalar Chain must non live broken inwards norm circumstances. However, if quick activity is necessary, as well as then this chain tin live broken. This is done using "Gang Plank" / "Bridge" / "Direct Contact".
Scalar Chain is shown inwards diagram below with Gang plank equally dotted trouble FP.
The Scalar Chain is shown past times a double ladder H5N1 to G as well as H5N1 to Q. H5N1 is the caput of the organisation. B as well as L are the adjacent level, as well as thus on. If quick activity is necessary, as well as then a "Gang Plank" "FP" is made. Now F as well as P tin contact each other straight but they should inform east as well as O virtually their decisions.
14. Unity of Command
According to this principle, a subordinate (employee) must take away keep exclusively 1 superior (boss or manager). H5N1 subordinate must have orders from exclusively 1 superior. In other words, a subordinate must written report to exclusively 1 superior. According to Fayol, if 1 subordinate receives orders from to a greater extent than than 1 superior as well as then in that location volition live disorder. This volition touching the discipline, efficiency, productivity as well as profitability of the organisation.
Unity of Command is a real of import regulation of management. This regulation is based on the dominion "Too many cooks spoil the soup."
