Steps inward Production Planning together with Control
According to the British Standards Institute, at that topographic point are iv stages, steps, techniques or essentials inward the physical care for of production planning together with control.
The iv stages or steps inward production planning together with command are:
- Routing,
- Scheduling,
- Dispatching, and
- Follow-up.
Initial 2 steps i.e. Routing together with Scheduling, relate to production planning.
Last 2 steps i.e. Dispatching together with Follow-up, relate to production control.
Now let's hand our tidings farther to empathise each stair inward detail.
1. Routing
Routing is the showtime stair inward production planning together with control.
Routing tin forcefulness out last defined every bit the physical care for of deciding the path (route) of move together with the sequence of operations.
Routing fixes inward advance:
- The quantity together with lineament of the product.
- The men, machines, materials, etc. to last used.
- The type, number together with sequence of manufacturing operations, and
- The house of production.
In short, routing determines ‘What’, ‘How much’, ‘With which’, ‘How’ together with ‘Where’ to produce.
Routing may last either rattling uncomplicated or complex. This depends upon the nature of production. In a continuous production, it is automatic, i.e. it is rattling simple. However, inward a chore order, it is rattling complex.
Routing is affected yesteryear the human factor. Therefore, it should recognize human needs, desires together with expectations. It is also affected yesteryear plant-layout, characteristics of the equipment, etc.
The primary objective of routing is to decide (fix) the best together with cheapest sequence of operations together with to ensure that this sequence is followed inward the factory.
Routing gives a rattling systematic method of converting raw-materials into finished goods. It leads to smoothen together with efficient work. It leads to optimum utilization of resources; namely, men, machines, materials, etc. It leads to partition of labor. It ensures a continuous catamenia of materials without whatever backtracking. It saves fourth dimension together with space. It makes the move slow for the production engineers together with foremen. It has a nifty influence on blueprint of factory's edifice together with installed machines.
So, routing is an of import stair inward production planning together with control. Production planning starts amongst it.
Read article on procedure of routing inward production.
2. Scheduling
Scheduling is the 2nd stair inward production planning together with control. It comes afterward routing.
Scheduling way to:
- Fix the amount of move to do.
- Arrange the dissimilar manufacturing operations inward social club of priority.
- Fix the starting together with completing, appointment together with time, for each operation.
Scheduling is also done for materials, parts, machines, etc. So, it is similar a time-table of production. It is similar to the time-table, prepared yesteryear the railways.
Time chemical ingredient is given exceptional importance inward scheduling. There are dissimilar types of schedules; namely, Master schedule, Operation schedule together with Daily schedule.
Scheduling helps to brand optimum purpose of time. It sees that each slice of move is started together with completed at a surely predetermined time. It helps to consummate the chore systematically together with inward time. It brings fourth dimension coordination inward production planning. All this helps to deliver the goods to the customers inward time. It also eliminates the idle capacity. It keeps undertaking continuously employed.
So, scheduling is an of import stair inward production planning together with control. It is essential inward a factory, where many products are produced at the same time.
3. Dispatching
Dispatching is the tertiary stair inward production planning together with control. It is the action, doing or implementation stage. It comes afterward routing together with scheduling.
Dispatching way starting the physical care for of production. It provides the necessary potency to start out the work. It is based on route-sheets together with schedule sheets.
Dispatching includes the following:
- Issue of materials, tools, fixtures, etc., which are necessary for actual production.
- Issue of orders, instructions, drawings, etc. for starting the work.
- Maintaining proper records of the starting together with completing each chore on time.
- Moving the move from 1 physical care for to about other every bit per the schedule.
- Starting the command procedure.
- Recording the idle fourth dimension of machines.
Dispatching may last either centralized or decentralized:
- Under centralized dispatching, orders are issued straight yesteryear a centralized authority.
- Under decentralized dispatching, orders are issued yesteryear the concerned department.
4. Follow-up
Follow-up or Expediting is the terminal stair inward production planning together with control. It is a controlling device. It is concerned amongst evaluation of the results.
Follow-up finds out together with removes the defects, delays, limitations, bottlenecks, loopholes, etc. inward the production process. It measures the actual performance together with compares it to the expected performance. It maintains proper records of work, delays together with bottlenecks. Such records are used inward hereafter to command production.
Follow-up is performed yesteryear ‘Expediters’ or ‘Stock Chasers’.
Follow-up is necessary when production decreases fifty-fifty when at that topographic point is proper routing together with scheduling. Production may last disturbed due to break-downs of machinery, failure of power, shortage of materials, strikes, absenteeism, etc.
Follow-up removes these difficulties together with allows a smoothen production.
